A Tourist Guide to Canada's Yukon

1 Yukon

Yukon, a large, rugged, sparsely populated expanse of land is over 60 parallel in northwest Canada, which shares a border with Alaska and correctly earns its self-proclaimed motto, "bigger than life," is topographically diverse, peaceful intoxicatingly beautiful and attractive area of ​​barren, treeless plains, boreal forest, rugged mountains, glaciers, and mirror-reflective lakes and rivers of living in Canada, First Nations people and wildlife in abundance. Because of its high latitude, it experiences more than 20 hours of daylight in summer, but less than five in winter, replaced instead, by the northern lights known as "aurora borealis." Besides the big "cities," most communities only accessible by seaplane or long.

Yukon's history, in essence, that of the Gold Rush. Inspired by 16th August 1896 discovery of gold nugget in northwestern Canada, at the confluence of the Yukon and Klondike, he started when he was about 100,000, seeking fortune and adventure, embarked on what was later determined by the Klondike Gold Rush trail between 1897 and 1898.Događaja, which is produced the current population boom and end in the form of territory, and traces its way up to five significant places in both the United States and Canada.

The first of them, Seattle, Washington, has served as a gateway to the Yukon. Marketed as a "supplier of the gold fields," sold supplies and equipment stocked ten meters deep storefront on boardwalks, earned $ 25 million in sales in early-1898, and was the starting point for all water route through the Gulf of Alaska, St. Michael, and then down Dawson City Yukon River in. Despite high prices, which few could afford, all passes are sold out.

Dyea and the Chilkoot Trail, the second place, provided that the slower, more insidious, an alternative route through the 33-mile Chilkoot trail which linked the coastline of Alaska to the Canadian headwaters in the Yukon River.

Skagway, Alaska, the third place, quickly replaced Dyea as the "Gateway to the Klondike" for more navigable White Pass route, which, though ten miles more than the Chilkoot Trail, had no effect 600 - foot-lower uspon.Staza quickly destroyed as a result of overuse, eventually was replaced by White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad, whose construction is financed by British investors, began in May 1898 and was extended to White Pass summit in February 1899, Bennett lake until July 1899, Whitehorse, and by July the following year. Skagway I was metamorphosed from a clean, tent-point field to plate-lined streets sporting wooden building with 80 saloons in the four months between August and December 1897th

on Bennett Lake, the fourth place, 30,000 Stampeders awaited spring thaw, the construction of vessels from 7124 whipsawn green tea and the launch of its 29th flotilla May 1898, fighting Whitehorse rapids before the next Dawson City Yukon River in.

Dawson City itself, the fifth place, were the first gold nugget discoveries and started as a small island between the Yukon and Klondike Rivers previously only occupied by the Han First Nations people, but exploded in Canada's largest city west of Winnipeg and north from Vancouver with up to 40,000 gold-seekers covering an area ten miles along the river banks. Thirty cords of wood were used to record back through the permafrost in the mines themselves. Since 4000, which was actually discovered the gold, only a few hundred ultimately created "a rich ."

2 Whitehorse

Whitehorse, Yukon is the desert capital at the banks of the Yukon with a population of 23,000, was formed the Gold Rush and the means of transport developed to facilitate it. It was named for the rapids on the Yukon River, flowing manes reminiscent charging white horse, the area was first used as a fishing camp Kwanlin Dun First Nations people. In 1987, a tent-Canyon City has served as the operational base of a horse-drawn tram, which, for a fee, which people and goods, especially gold rushers, around the treacherous White Horse Rapids on the record track.

Three years later, in 1900, songs from the White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad to come into the city, today the only international narrow-gauge railroad still operating in North America, and the passengers transferred to the big riverboat services, which završenaputovanje in Dawson City Yukon River.

In 1942, the U.S. Army had completed the 1534 mile Alaska Highway to a record eight months, 23 days, and Whitehorse was incorporated as a city in 1950. Three years later, replaced by Dawson as the capital of the Yukon.

Whitehorse itself is accessible by multiple methods putovanja.Popločana Alaska, Haines and Klondike Highway access road within the territory and Alaska, while the gravel Dempster Highway connects Dawson City to Inuvik above the Arctic Circle in Northwest Territories.Aljaska Marine Highway and more, a day cruise ships serving Skagway and Haines, Alaska, during the summer sezone.Bijela pass and Yukon Route Railroad Skagway associated with Fraser and Bennett Lake, British Columbia, the service will soon be extended to Whitehorse. The Whitehorse airport offers daily, via North Air, Air Canada Jazz, the first Air and Condor, to Yellowknife, Dawson, Fairbanks, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary and Frankfurt, Germany. Floatplanes allow remote access to the community.

The story of Whitehorse can be traced to many different sights and attractions.

MacBride Museum, for example, toted as the "Yukon first museum" and is located in a log structure with a sod roof, was founded in 1951 by historian Bill MacBride to explore the Yukon's history. It features stuffed wildlife in the upper gallery, "Rivers of Gold", an exhibition depicting the Yukon prospecting and placer mining since 1883, and Yukon First Nations people in the lower gallery, and the beginning of copper mining equipment, blacksmithing, and the original Sam McGee , 1899 cabin in one of two outside exhibition prostora.Druga contains land use stages of the white pass and Yukon route between Whitehorse and Dawson, 1895 North West Mounted police patrol cabin, engine and number 51, built in 1881, used the White Pass and Yukon route Railroad seven years later in 1898.

Old Log Church Museum, the Anglican cathedral was built in 1900, is one of the oldest buildings in Whitehorse, and tells the story of the early missionaries Yukon, including a priest who survived the winter expedition by eating his boots for support.

Perhaps the most popular form, and one that serves as a city symbol, the SS Klondike, National Historic Site of Canada. The largest of the 250 sternwheelers that plied the Yukon River 64 meters and 12.5 meters wide, it was built in 1920 by the British Yukon Navigation Company, a subsidiary of White pass and Yukon Route Railroad, in Whitehorse alone, and was an integral part of transport by inland waterway system that Whitehorse is connected with the rest of the territory and thereby serve as a principle element of its growth.

design, which trace their origins back to 1866 when the first steam-powered riverboat that reached Selkirk, the SS Klondike I, with 1,362.5 tons of gross weight and is powered by two 525 hp jet-circuit capacitor motor, have highlighted the revolutionary troops, she is offering 50 percent more cargo volume than the previous configuration, without sacrificing the Gaza instability, which allows it to accommodate more than 300 tons of cargo for the first time, along with 75 first and second class passengers. Its three decks, a first or main, deck housed the engines, boilers, and cargo, the second living room, communications office, dining room, kitchen and sun deck. And the third bridge and the crew

Succeeded dimensionally identical to the Klondike II after the initial ship ran aground in 1936, just completing the 460-mile downstream flows from Whitehorse to Dawson in 36 hours with only one or two wood charging stops, it was operated as a cargo ship in 1937 and 1952 and was eventually converted into a small cruise ship for the service until 1955.

is currently dry-docked ship appears in the 1930's under the mask.

Whitehorse Train Depot, which replaced the originally built, but later the fire consumed the structure, reflects the typical western Canadian architecture in the early 20th century, although the changes made ​​during the Second World War and during the Alaska Highway project. After the scheduled train service was discontinued in 1982, the Yukon government purchased the building and restored his passenger waiting room now reflects the heritage of 1950.

Whitehorse Waterfront trolley, using a narrow-gauge White pass and Yukon Route railway and along Yukon River with a stop at the Rotary Peace Park, Tourist Information Center, the White Pass Train Depot, Wood Street, Shipyard Park and Kishwoot Station, a specter Creek provides an excellent introduction to the city, using a trolley car, No. 531, for each hour tour service.

and the car itself, in its original yellow color scheme, partly built by JG Brill Company of Philadelphia in 1925 in Lisbon Electric Company, which was then assembled kit in Santo Amaro trade. Of 202 cars built, the vehicle 24 is 531 species.

Trolley 531 is operated in Lisbon until 1976, when it was acquired in the Lake Superior Transportation Museum in Duluth, Minnesota, where he remained until the Yukon government bought it in 1999. Flatbed Truck transport through the bitter cold and ice, allowed to go to the White and Yukon Route Reconstruction engine shed in Whitehorse 6th January 2000.

double ended tram car, with controls at both ends, has two 25-hp General Electric motors and two controllers K.3, and was designed to work with overhead power lines from power pole, alinedostatak such facilities in Whitehorse require the provision of temporary trailers installed an electric generator. This 600-volt operation for replacing the original 550-volt current, and set up rail wheel allows it to operate at the White pass and Yukon Route Railroad is a 36-inch tracks, although it was designed, with the original access wheelbase, use short, 34.5 -inch rail widths.

Due to the same standards, the meter body, it allows four-step, two-two seating, sports lacquered hardwood oak, mahogany, cherry and the inside of the original characters are still in Portuguese.

Whitehorse Rapids Fish Ladder and Hatchery, located five minutes from the city, is the result of the late 1950s by the construction of Whitehorse Rapids hydro facility by the Northern Canada Power komisije.Aljaske and Klondike Highway, which connects the many communities and eliminating the need then the vital sternwheeler river transport system, ultimately leading to the transfer of capital from Dawson Yukon in Whitehorse, a population expansion can not be supported by the city diesel generator power method. Building a higher-capacity HPP dam, starting in 1956, formed Schwatka lake, and it is produced in the first electric power two years later, 1958.

Although the object of improving the quality of life of the human population, according to the detriment of salmon species in a river. Salmon has traveled to the Yukon River to spawn for thousands of years, laying eggs in the gravel, which, after a gestation period of the winter, hatch into alevins in early spring, and food and develops in a cool, clean water for up to two years. Swimming in the ocean, they returned several years later, the exact place of their birth to lay their eggs and begin the process anew.

to avoid a new hydroelectric dam and allow them to continue their life cycle, the world's longest wooden fish ladder, at 366 meters, was built in 1959. Progressively increased in increments of 15 meters from the Yukon River at Lake Schwatka, allows salmon to pass safely around the dam and continue the migration process.

for two hours by boat on the lake that Schwatka appropriately named the M / V Schwatka, 28-ton, dual-decked, 40-passenger ship, provides an excellent introduction to the wild side of Whitehorse and sails through Miles Canyon, turbulent "Devil's Punchbowl," the Yukon River itself.

There are several interesting attractions are located along the Alaska Highway, two Mile Hill Road.

Copperbelt Mining Railway and Museum, the first of them, giving 1.8 kilometers figure eight loop in her red McIntyre station building through the thin spruce forest, using the abandoned line to encourage the White pass and Yukon Route Railroad is located in the historic Whitehorse Copper strip mining district. Its two engines, 10 - and 20-hp diesel Loke, are manufactured by Jenacher Werks in Austria in 1969 and 1967, respectively

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Yukon Transportation Museum displays the area of ​​Gold Rush heritage, transport, displaying an extraordinary journey way connected with the North, from the long snowshoe to the aircraft. Exhibitions are a Canadian Pacific DC-3 mounted on a pedestal outside, full sized riverboat, "Neecheah" and steam locomotives. Inside exhibits include gas car Casey, who transported workers to the rail passenger car used by White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad, White Pass and Yukon Route Railroad model train layout, Ryan B-1 bough of the "Queen in the Yukon," sister ship Lindbergh "spirit of St. Louis ", who served as the first commercial aircraft to have operated in the Yukon after the purchase from the factory in San Diego's Yukon Airways and research, Ltd., in 1927 for $ 10,200.00, dog sled, 1927 Chevrolet sedan, five-cylinder Kinner engine Lycoming R-680 engine, 1965 International Travelall ambulance, welded steel frame with a Fairchild FC-2W2, Smith DGA-1 "Miniplane" Homebuild, byn bus from bus lines, military vehicles, including seven passengers jump large basket used by the U.S. army command in the northwest during the Alcan highway construction, rail and tram sign used in parallel as reported "song ."

Yukon Beringia Interpretive Centre examines Beringia, the sub-continent the last Ice Age, which was located in the Bering Strait, and he includes Siberia, Alaska and the Yukon. While the rest of Canada has struck the massive ice sheets, Beringia, I was untouched by glaciers due to 125-m decrease in sea level, the production of tundra which is a tough, dry grasses supported a wide range of herbivores and carnivores.

woolly mammoth, and among them was the predecessor of the modern Asian elephant and a museum of sport in full size throw the greatest example ever oporavila.Kratki bear face, which was one foot higher than today's grizzly colleagues, was the largest, most powerful land carnivores in North America during the last ice age. The museum also contains a reconstruction of the 24 000-year bluefish Cave archaeological site.

the earliest human inhabitants, the buffalo herds and the mammoth 24,000 years ago, was moved from western Beringia current Canada.

3 Kluane National Park

One of the four neighboring national and provincial parks, including the Yukon is 21,980 square kilometers of Kluane National Park, Alaska, is 52,600 square miles of Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, Alaska, is 13,360 square kilometers of Glacier Bay National Park, British Columbia and is 9580 square kilometers of Tatshenshini-Alsek Provincial Park, Kluane National Park itself is topographically diverse, covering a massive mountains, valleys, lakes, boreal forest, valley glaciers and ice fields. Of the two mountain ranges, and the Kluane Icefield latter sport-Canada's highest peak, Mount Logan, at 19,545 metara.Najveći without polar regions in the world, the rest of the last ice age, is also located here.

of two types of populations, human and animal, including a former Southern Tutchone people who previously lived a nomadic lifestyle, but still practicing a culture that is closely revolves around the natural world, and the latter includes grizzly bears, lynx, chamois , moose, wolves, black bears, caribou, coyotes, 180 species of birds, the world's largest concentrations of Dall sheep.

Haines Junction, located two hours from Whitehorse through the Alaska Highway and serves as a national park base, a year-round, full-service village, whose modern history began in 1942 with the completion of the Alaska Highway itself a milestone 1016th a year later, a branch road through the Chilkat pass, it is connected to Haines, Alaska and Kluane National Park was designated a preserve in 1972.

Its a few sights, always flanked by breathtaking, purple-hued St. Elias Mountains, including the village monument, local wildlife sculptures, eight-sided log of St. Christopher's Anglican Church and Our Lady of times the Catholic Church, which was built in 1954 from the old military Quonset hut left over from the Alaska Highway project.

ubiquitous slender, dark green spruce, encountered during his tour of the national park, surrounded on both sides of abandoned Haines Highway, vertical ridges St. Elias Mountains of Kluane National Park on the right side of the color purple, chocolate brown and green velvet in its database . Silver lake Kathleen area lies between them.

Kluane National Park and the adjacent Wrangell-St. Elias National Monument across the border into the United States has been jointly nominated for UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979. Together, the properties represent an unbroken, pristine natural system, with its rich variety of vegetation patterns, and ecosystems.

becomes my first drive revealed pebble beach, which is acting as a threshold, leading to the emerald green water Kathleen Lake, the setting on both sides of the tall, quiet, fragrant spruce, the water itself interfaces with the green-carpeted mountains on the opposite side in a seamless transition, taking the eye to brown, vegetationless top, from which a thin "s" of snow still snaked the rest of the long winters and short summers, "pause" izmeđusljedeći glacial cycle. Since August, the beginning was not very far way in these northern latitudes.

Kokanee salmon, which live in fresh water lakes for the first three years of his life, swim a short distance to Lake sockeye in the fourth year, at which time it dies. In the 1700s, the Lowell Glacier surged across Alaskan rivers, blocking their drainage into the Pacific Ocean, thus creating a huge lake. When suddenly the dam burst in 1856, water was released in flash floods, emptying the pool.

Kluane National Park Sports and glacier ice and rock, the other formed in the cold, alpine environments on mountain slopes. During the past 8000 years, the fragile foundation of broken parts from freezing and thawing action winter-summer cycle. Lubricating meltwater and glacial ice core riding, constantly accumulating mass of rock slowly ground its way down the mountain, forming the rock glaciers.

a huge, deep blue lakes Dezadeash, stumbled at the second stop, he was surrounded by far-away mountains, whose soft-curved, like an inverted bowl of the highlights was reduced to a gray and green, almost imperceptible outline, Urano afternoon beneath a high, smooth , gleaming blue nedNebo is impeccable.

Klukshu village, dotted with tiny log cabins and a gift shop, was an important place for many Champagne and Aishihik family, especially during salmon-spawning season from June to September, when the king, sockeye and coho salmon migrating up river.

4 Conclusion

Yukon, with its capital of Whitehorse and Kluane National Park wilderness, offers a really interesting journey through the Gold Rush heritage and means of transport which has been developed to facilitate this.